Source : Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)

Aerology \A`["e]r*ol"o*gy\, n. [A["e]ro- + -logy: cf. F.
   a['e]rologie.]
   That department of physics which treats of the atmosphere.

Source : WordNet®

aerology
     n : meteorology of the total extent of the atmosphere;
         especially the upper layers